Q1. Which of the following is not a macronutrient for plants?
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Iron
d) Potassium
Answer: c) Iron
Explanation: Macronutrients are those which plants consume in larger quantities. Iron, although essential, is a micronutrient required in smaller amounts.
Q2. What is the primary benefit of crop rotation?
a) Increases soil salinity
b) Reduces soil fertility
c) Prevents soil erosion
d) Improves soil fertility and prevents pest build-up
Answer: d) Improves soil fertility and prevents pest build-up
Explanation: Crop rotation helps in maintaining soil fertility and prevents pest and disease build-up by alternating the types of crops grown, which use and replenish different nutrients.
Q3. Green manure is primarily used for?
a) Pest control
b) Increasing soil aeration
c) Enriching the soil with nitrogen and phosphorus
d) Weed removal
Answer: c) Enriching the soil with nitrogen and phosphorus
Explanation: Green manure, typically made from ploughing in green plants, enriches the soil with nitrogen and phosphorus, aiding in improving soil fertility.
Q4. What is the main purpose of using fertilizers in agriculture?
a) To increase crop resistance to diseases
b) To enhance the water holding capacity of the soil
c) To supply specific nutrients to the soil
d) To improve the taste of agricultural produce
Answer: c) To supply specific nutrients to the soil
Explanation: Fertilizers are used to supply specific nutrients that might be lacking in the soil, thus enhancing plant growth and crop yields.
Q5. Which of the following is not a method of irrigation?
a) Sprinkler system
b) Drip irrigation
c) Hydroponics
d) River lift system
Answer: c) Hydroponics
Explanation: Hydroponics is a method of growing plants in a water-based, nutrient-rich solution, not a method of traditional soil irrigation.
Q6. What is inter-cropping?
a) Growing a single crop species
b) Growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same field
c) Sequential growing of different crops
d) Growing crops in alternate rows
Answer: b) Growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same field
Explanation: Inter-cropping involves growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same field in a definite pattern, optimizing nutrient use and reducing pest and disease risk.
Q7. What is the main reason for practicing crop variety improvement?
a) To reduce the crop growth period
b) To create genetically modified crops
c) To increase crop yields and improve quality
d) To reduce the need for irrigation
Answer: c) To increase crop yields and improve quality
Explanation: Crop variety improvement aims to produce varieties with higher yields, better quality, and resistance to diseases and pests.
Q8. In context to the syllabus, which of the following is true about organic farming?
a) It relies heavily on chemical fertilizers
b) It uses genetically modified crops
c) It incorporates the use of bio-agents and avoids chemicals
d) It focuses solely on animal husbandry
Answer: c) It incorporates the use of bio-agents and avoids chemicals
Explanation: Organic farming minimizes or avoids the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, focusing on organic manures, bio-agents, and healthy cropping systems.
Q9. What is the key goal of cattle farming?
a) To increase the size of the cattle
b) For milk production and draught labour
c) To improve the meat quality of cattle
d) To enhance the cattle’s resistance to diseases
Answer: b) For milk production and draught labour
Explanation: Cattle farming is primarily undertaken for milk production from milch animals and for draught labour for agricultural work, like tilling and carting.
Q10. What is the advantage of using hybridisation in crop improvement?
a) It increases the dependence on chemical fertilizers
b) It helps in combining desirable traits from different plant varieties
c) It shortens the growth period of crops drastically
d) It ensures crops require less water
Answer: b) It helps in combining desirable traits from different plant varieties
Explanation: Hybridisation involves crossing between genetically dissimilar plants to combine desirable traits, such as disease resistance and high yields.
Q11. Why is manure considered beneficial for soil health?
a) It increases soil toxicity
b) It enhances soil structure and fertility
c) It acts as a natural herbicide
d) It reduces the water-holding capacity of soil
Answer: b) It enhances soil structure and fertility
Explanation: Manure enriches the soil with nutrients and organic matter, improving soil fertility and its water-holding capacity.
Q12. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good-quality seed?
a) High disease resistance
b) Shorter germination period
c) Variability in germination time
d) Higher yield potential
Answer: c) Variability in germination time
Explanation: Good-quality seeds should have uniform germination time, along with high disease resistance and yield potential.
Q13. What is the primary focus of poultry farming?
a) Wool production
b) Egg and chicken meat production
c) Leather production
d) Breeding exotic bird species
Answer: b) Egg and chicken meat production
Explanation: Poultry farming is primarily engaged in raising domestic fowl for egg production and chicken meat.
Q14. Which farming practice involves growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same land with no definite pattern?
a) Mixed cropping
b) Inter-cropping
c) Crop rotation
d) Monoculture
Answer: a) Mixed cropping
Explanation: Mixed cropping is the practice of growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same land but without any definite row patterns, unlike inter-cropping.
Q15. What is the main benefit of composite fish culture?
a) It requires less water
b) It uses a single species of fish
c) It ensures maximum utilization of food resources in the pond
d) It focuses on the production of ornamental fish
Answer: c) It ensures maximum utilization of food resources in the pond
Explanation: Composite fish culture uses a combination of fish species with different feeding habits, ensuring maximum utilization of food resources in the pond.
Q16. What is a key advantage of practicing organic farming?
a) It allows for the extensive use of chemical pesticides
b) It promotes environmental sustainability and reduces pollution
c) It focuses solely on animal rearing
d) It requires more water than conventional farming
Answer: b) It promotes environmental sustainability and reduces pollution
Explanation: Organic farming avoids or minimizes the use of synthetic chemicals, thereby promoting environmental sustainability and reducing pollution.
Q17. What is the main reason for cross-breeding in cattle farming?
a) To decrease milk production
b) To increase resistance to diseases and improve milk yield
c) To reduce the size of cattle
d) To enhance the meat quality for consumption
Answer: b) To increase resistance to diseases and improve milk yield
Explanation: Cross-breeding in cattle farming combines the high milk yield of exotic breeds with the disease resistance of local breeds, enhancing overall productivity.
Q18. Which of the following is not a goal of crop variety improvement?
a) To increase vulnerability to pests
b) To improve product quality
c) To enhance yield
d) To create resistance to abiotic stresses
Answer: a) To increase vulnerability to pests
Explanation: The goals of crop variety improvement include enhancing yield, improving product quality, and creating resistance to pests and abiotic stresses, not increasing vulnerability.
Q19. What does the term ‘photoperiod’ refer to in the context of agriculture?
a) The amount of water a plant needs
b) The duration of sunlight required for plant growth
c) The period for applying fertilizers
d) The time taken for a crop to mature
Answer: b) The duration of sunlight required for plant growth
Explanation: Photoperiod refers to the duration of sunlight which is crucial for plant growth and the flowering process.
Q20. Why is it important to use disease-resistant plant varieties?
a) To increase the dependence on chemical pesticides
b) To ensure uniformity in plant size
c) To reduce crop losses due to diseases
d) To increase the water requirements of plants
Answer: c) To reduce crop losses due to diseases
Explanation: Using disease-resistant plant varieties helps in reducing crop losses due to diseases, thereby enhancing yield and productivity.
Q21. In poultry farming, what is the primary difference between layers and broilers?
a) Layers are used for leather production, while broilers are for egg production
b) Layers are for egg production, while broilers are for meat production
c) Layers are for meat production, while broilers are for egg production
d) There is no difference between layers and broilers
Answer: b) Layers are for egg production, while broilers are for meat production
Explanation: In poultry farming, layers are bred for egg production, while broilers are specifically raised for meat production.
Q22. What is the main purpose of using green manure in agriculture?
a) To control insect pests
b) To increase soil nitrogen content
c) To enhance soil salinity
d) To promote seed germination
Answer: b) To increase soil nitrogen content
Explanation: Green manure, typically consisting of decomposed plants, is used to increase the nitrogen content of the soil, thus improving soil fertility.
Q23. Which is a major challenge in fish farming?
a) High demand for ornamental fish
b) Availability of good-quality fish seed
c) Excessive water supply
d) Low market value of fish
Answer: b) Availability of good-quality fish seed
Explanation: A major challenge in fish farming is the availability of good-quality fish seed, essential for maintaining and increasing fish production.
Q24. Why is mixed cropping beneficial for farmers?
a) It decreases soil fertility
b) It provides insurance against crop failure
c) It requires more pesticides
d) It limits the variety of crops grown
Answer: b) It provides insurance against crop failure
Explanation: Mixed cropping involves growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same field, providing insurance against crop failure due to varying crop tolerance levels.
Q25. What is a major benefit of high-quality seeds in crop production?
a) Reduced need for irrigation
b) Increased susceptibility to diseases
c) Enhanced crop yield and quality
d) Decreased time for crop maturity
Answer: c) Enhanced crop yield and quality
Explanation: High-quality seeds are crucial for enhancing crop yield and quality. They ensure better germination, disease resistance, and overall robustness of the crop.
Q26. In the context of sustainable agriculture, why is organic farming important?
a) It solely focuses on animal husbandry
b) It promotes the extensive use of synthetic chemicals
c) It minimizes environmental impact and promotes ecological balance
d) It requires advanced technological equipment
Answer: c) It minimizes environmental impact and promotes ecological balance
Explanation: Organic farming is important for sustainable agriculture as it minimizes the environmental impact, promotes ecological balance, and conserves biodiversity by avoiding synthetic chemicals.
Q27. What is the primary function of fertilizers in agriculture?
a) To enhance the taste of agricultural produce
b) To improve soil texture
c) To supply essential nutrients to crops
d) To increase the water retention capacity of the soil
Answer: c) To supply essential nutrients to crops
Explanation: The primary function of fertilizers is to supply essential nutrients to crops, which might be deficient in the soil, thereby promoting healthier and more abundant plant growth.
Q28. What does ‘crop rotation’ help prevent?
a) Increase in soil nutrients
b) Pest and disease build-up in soil
c) Growth of desired crop varieties
d) Improvement in soil structure
Answer: b) Pest and disease build-up in soil
Explanation: Crop rotation helps in preventing the build-up of pests and diseases in the soil. It involves growing different types of crops in succession on the same land, which disrupts the cycles of pests and diseases.
Q29. Which method of irrigation conserves water and targets specific plant parts?
a) Flood irrigation
b) Sprinkler irrigation
c) Drip irrigation
d) Canal irrigation
Answer: c) Drip irrigation
Explanation: Drip irrigation conserves water by delivering it directly to the base of the plant, minimizing evaporation and ensuring that water is used efficiently.
Q30. In fish farming, what does ‘composite fish culture’ involve?
a) Cultivating a single species of fish
b) Growing fish in artificially heated water
c) Using a combination of fish species in a single pond
d) Rearing fish in marine waters only
Answer: c) Using a combination of fish species in a single pond
Explanation: Composite fish culture involves using a combination of different fish species in a single pond. These species are selected to ensure they do not compete for food, thereby maximizing the use of resources.
Q31. What is the main advantage of poultry farming?
a) It requires large areas of land
b) It provides quick returns due to the fast growth of poultry
c) It focuses on the production of a single product
d) It uses less water compared to other livestock farming
Answer: b) It provides quick returns due to the fast growth of poultry
Explanation: Poultry farming is advantageous because it provides quick returns. Poultry birds like chickens have a short growth cycle, allowing for faster production of meat and eggs.
Q32. What role does ‘manure’ play in agriculture?
a) It is primarily used as a pesticide
b) It enhances soil texture and fertility
c) It acts as a herbicide
d) It reduces the water-holding capacity of the soil
Answer: b) It enhances soil texture and fertility
Explanation: Manure plays a crucial role in agriculture by enhancing soil texture and fertility. It adds organic matter to the soil, improving its structure and nutrient content.
Q33. What is a primary characteristic of ‘dwarf’ varieties of wheat and rice?
a) Lower yield
b) Longer maturity duration
c) Increased resistance to lodging
d) Enhanced water requirements
Answer: c) Increased resistance to lodging
Explanation: Dwarf varieties of wheat and rice have increased resistance to lodging (falling over), which is important for reducing crop damage and maintaining high yield, especially under high nutrient conditions.
Q34. Why is intercropping an effective agricultural practice?
a) It requires more chemical fertilizers
b) It enhances the risk of pest infestations
c) It optimizes the utilization of nutrients and reduces pest attacks
d) It focuses on a single type of crop
Answer: c) It optimizes the utilization of nutrients and reduces pest attacks
Explanation: Intercropping, the practice of growing two or more crops together, optimizes nutrient utilization and reduces pest attacks due to the diversity of crops, which interrupts pest and disease cycles.
Q35. In cattle farming, what is the main purpose of ‘cross-breeding’?
a) To produce animals suitable for draught power
b) To decrease milk production
c) To combine qualities of different breeds, like high yield and disease resistance
d) To increase the growth period of cattle
Answer: c) To combine qualities of different breeds, like high yield and disease resistance
Explanation: Cross-breeding in cattle farming aims to combine the desirable qualities of different breeds, such as the high milk yield of exotic breeds and the disease resistance of indigenous breeds.
Q36. Which of the following is not a benefit of crop rotation?
a) Maintaining soil fertility
b) Reducing the need for pesticides
c) Increasing dependence on a single crop variety
d) Preventing soil erosion
Answer: c) Increasing dependence on a single crop variety
Explanation: Crop rotation does not increase dependence on a single crop variety; instead, it involves growing different crops in succession to maintain soil fertility, reduce the need for pesticides, and prevent soil erosion.
Q37. What is the significance of ‘genetic manipulation’ in agricultural practices?
a) It reduces the genetic diversity of crops
b) It involves introducing desired traits into crops for better yields and resistance
c) It is solely focused on animal husbandry
d) It is used to increase the dependency on chemical fertilizers
Answer: b) It involves introducing desired traits into crops for better yields and resistance
Explanation: Genetic manipulation in agriculture involves altering the genetic makeup of crops to introduce desired traits such as higher yields, improved nutritional content, and resistance to pests and diseases.
Q38. Which of these is a practice in organic farming?
a) Use of chemical herbicides
b) Use of synthetic pesticides
c) Use of bio-agents and organic manures
d) Sole reliance on genetically modified crops
Answer: c) Use of bio-agents and organic manures
Explanation: Organic farming involves the use of natural products like bio-agents and organic manures. It avoids or minimizes the use of synthetic pesticides, herbicides, and genetically modified organisms.
Q39. What is the main purpose of fish culture in composite fish culture systems?
a) To focus on the production of a single species
b) To increase production by using a combination of fish species
c) To reduce the nutritional value of fish
d) To simplify fish farming management
Answer: b) To increase production by using a combination of fish species
Explanation: The main purpose of composite fish culture is to increase fish production. It involves using a combination of fish species that have different feeding habits to fully utilize the different resources in a pond.
Q40. Why are fertilizers used in farming?
a) To improve the flavor of crops
b) To increase the size of the produce
c) To supply essential nutrients to the soil and plants
d) To reduce the growth time of crops
Answer: c) To supply essential nutrients to the soil and plants
Explanation: Fertilizers are used in farming to supply essential nutrients to the soil and plants, which are necessary for the growth and development of crops. This helps in improving crop yield and quality.
Q41. What is the main advantage of using manure in agriculture?
a) It rapidly increases plant growth
b) It enhances soil fertility and structure
c) It acts as a pesticide
d) It increases the salinity of the soil
Answer: b) It enhances soil fertility and structure
Explanation: Manure enriches the soil with organic matter, enhancing its fertility and structure. This improves the soil’s water retention and nutrient content, benefiting plant growth.
Q42. Why is drip irrigation considered an efficient method of watering plants?
a) It covers a large area in a short time
b) It minimizes water wastage by directing water to plant roots
c) It relies on natural rainfall
d) It enhances soil erosion
Answer: b) It minimizes water wastage by directing water to plant roots
Explanation: Drip irrigation is efficient because it delivers water directly to the root zone of plants, minimizing evaporation and runoff, and therefore conserving water.
Q43. Which of the following is a characteristic of organic farming?
a) High use of synthetic fertilizers
b) Emphasis on biodiversity and ecological processes
c) Focus on monoculture practices
d) Reliance on chemical pesticides for pest control
Answer: b) Emphasis on biodiversity and ecological processes
Explanation: Organic farming emphasizes maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance. It minimizes pollution and waste by avoiding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, and by using natural resources responsibly.
Q44. In poultry farming, what is the primary role of layers?
a) Meat production
b) Wool production
c) Egg production
d) Pest control
Answer: c) Egg production
Explanation: In poultry farming, layers are chickens that are primarily raised for producing eggs, as opposed to broilers, which are raised for meat production.
Q45. What is the main purpose of crop variety improvement?
a) To increase crop dependence on chemical inputs
b) To enhance crop yield and resistance to diseases
c) To limit the adaptability of crops to different environments
d) To reduce the nutritional value of crops
Answer: b) To enhance crop yield and resistance to diseases
Explanation: Crop variety improvement aims to enhance crop yield and resistance to diseases. It involves breeding plants to introduce desirable traits like higher productivity, quality, and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses.
Q46. What is the significance of ‘mixed cropping’ in agriculture?
a) It increases reliance on a single crop variety
b) It minimizes the risk of total crop failure
c) It simplifies crop management practices
d) It enhances the uniformity of crops
Answer: b) It minimizes the risk of total crop failure
Explanation: Mixed cropping, where different crops are grown together, minimizes the risk of total crop failure. Different crops respond differently to weather and pest conditions, providing a form of insurance against crop loss.
Q47. What is the primary focus of fish farming in composite fish culture systems?
a) Cultivation of ornamental fish
b) Production of a single fish species
c) Maximizing fish production from a pond
d) Simplifying fish farming practices
Answer: c) Maximizing fish production from a pond
Explanation: The primary focus of composite fish culture systems is to maximize fish production from a pond. Different fish species with varying food habits are grown together to efficiently utilize available food resources.
Q48. In the context of sustainable agriculture, why is the practice of crop rotation beneficial?
a) It increases soil salinity
b) It reduces soil fertility
c) It helps maintain soil health and reduces pest problems
d) It relies on the extensive use of fertilizers
Answer: c) It helps maintain soil health and reduces pest problems
Explanation: Crop rotation is beneficial in sustainable agriculture as it helps maintain soil health by alternating crops with different nutrient needs and breaks the cycle of pests and diseases, reducing their prevalence.
Q49. What is the main purpose of using green manure in crop fields?
a) To act as a natural pesticide
b) To enhance soil fertility and organic matter content
c) To increase the pH level of the soil
d) To attract beneficial insects to the field
Answer: b) To enhance soil fertility and organic matter content
Explanation: Green manure, made from decomposing plant material, is used to enhance soil fertility and organic matter content. This improves soil structure and nutrient availability for crops.
Q50. Which of the following is a benefit of intercropping?
a) Increased dependency on a single crop
b) Reduced efficiency in the use of available resources
c) Enhanced pest and disease control
d) Higher requirement of water and fertilizers
Answer: c) Enhanced pest and disease control
Explanation: Intercropping, the practice of growing two or more crops together, enhances pest and disease control. The diversity of crops disrupts the habitat for pests and diseases, reducing their spread and impact.
Q51. Why is it important to select the right variety of crops for hybridization in agriculture?
a) To reduce crop diversity
b) To ensure compatibility and achieve desired traits
c) To increase reliance on chemical fertilizers
d) To simplify crop management practices
Answer: b) To ensure compatibility and achieve desired traits
Explanation: Selecting the right variety of crops for hybridization is crucial to ensure compatibility between the parent plants and to successfully combine desirable traits like yield, quality, and resistance to diseases or environmental stresses.
Q52. What is the primary goal of crop protection management in agriculture?
a) To increase the use of chemical pesticides
b) To protect crops from pests, diseases, and weeds
c) To promote the growth of weeds
d) To decrease crop yield and quality
Answer: b) To protect crops from pests, diseases, and weeds
Explanation: Crop protection management aims to protect crops from pests, diseases, and weeds, which can significantly reduce crop yield and quality. This involves integrated pest management strategies that may include biological control, cultural practices, and judicious use of chemicals.
Q53. What is the significance of crop rotation in sustainable farming?
a) It promotes the continuous growth of the same crop
b) It helps in maintaining soil fertility and controlling pests and diseases
c) It increases soil erosion
d) It leads to a decrease in soil organic matter
Answer: b) It helps in maintaining soil fertility and controlling pests and diseases
Explanation: Crop rotation is significant in sustainable farming because it helps maintain soil fertility and control pests and diseases. By rotating different crops, it prevents the depletion of specific nutrients and breaks the cycle of crop-specific pests and diseases.
Q54. In poultry farming, what distinguishes broilers from layers?
a) Broilers are raised for egg production, while layers are for meat
b) Broilers and layers are both used for meat production
c) Broilers are raised for meat production, while layers are for egg production
d) There is no significant difference between broilers and layers
Answer: c) Broilers are raised for meat production, while layers are for egg production
Explanation: In poultry farming, broilers are chickens raised specifically for meat production due to their fast growth and higher meat yield. Layers, on the other hand, are raised for egg production.
Q55. What is the main advantage of using manure in agriculture?
a) It provides a quick boost to plant growth
b) It improves soil structure and increases its nutrient content
c) It acts as a substitute for sunlight in plant growth
d) It eliminates the need for any other type of fertilizer
Answer: b) It improves soil structure and increases its nutrient content
Explanation: Manure is beneficial in agriculture as it improves the soil structure and increases its nutrient content. Manure adds organic matter to the soil, enhancing its water retention and fertility.
Q56. Why is sustainable agriculture practices important?
a) To increase the reliance on chemical inputs
b) To ensure long-term productivity and environmental health
c) To focus solely on short-term crop yields
d) To promote the use of genetically modified organisms
Answer: b) To ensure long-term productivity and environmental health
Explanation: Sustainable agriculture practices are important to ensure long-term productivity and environmental health. These practices aim to balance the need for food production with the preservation of ecological systems, soil fertility, and biodiversity.