Q1. What is the first step in crop production?
a) Irrigation
b) Harvesting
c) Preparation of soil
d) Sowing
Answer: c) Preparation of soil
Explanation: The preparation of soil, which involves tilling and leveling, is the initial step before growing a crop. It allows the roots to penetrate deep into the soil and ensures nutrient-rich soil is brought to the top for plants to use.
Q2. Which of the following is NOT a Kharif crop?
a) Cotton
b) Wheat
c) Soyabean
d) Maize
Answer: b) Wheat
Explanation: Wheat is a Rabi crop, grown in the winter season from October to March. Kharif crops, like cotton, soyabean, and maize, are sown in the rainy season.
Q3. What is the purpose of adding manure and fertilisers to the soil?
a) To increase the water holding capacity of the soil
b) To replenish the soil with nutrients
c) To make the soil porous
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Manure and fertilisers are added to the soil to replenish it with nutrients, improve its water holding capacity, and make the soil porous for better air exchange, promoting healthy plant growth.
Q4. Which method of irrigation conserves water by allowing water to fall drop by drop directly near the roots?
a) Sprinkler system
b) Chain pump
c) Moat
d) Drip system
Answer: d) Drip system
Explanation: The drip system conserves water by delivering it drop by drop directly to the roots, making it an efficient method for watering plants, especially in areas where water availability is poor.
Q5. What is the main disadvantage of using chemical fertilisers excessively?
a) They increase the water holding capacity of the soil
b) They can lead to water pollution
c) They enhance the growth of earthworms and microbes
d) They increase the soil’s organic matter content
Answer: b) They can lead to water pollution
Explanation: Excessive use of chemical fertilisers has been associated with soil degradation and water pollution, as these fertilisers can leach into water bodies and contaminate them.
Q6. What is the process called that involves the removal of weeds from the crop field?
a) Threshing
b) Weeding
c) Harvesting
d) Irrigation
Answer: b) Weeding
Explanation: Weeding is the process of removing unwanted plants (weeds) from the crop field. It is essential for preventing competition for nutrients, water, and light between the crop and the weeds.
Q7. Which of the following tools is used for sowing seeds?
a) Plough
b) Hoe
c) Seed drill
d) Leveller
Answer: c) Seed drill
Explanation: A seed drill is used for sowing seeds. It helps in placing the seeds at the correct depth and distance apart, covering them with soil, and ensuring they are protected from birds.
Q8. What is the purpose of ploughing the field?
a) To remove weeds
b) To level the soil
c) To turn and loosen the soil
d) To irrigate the field
Answer: c) To turn and loosen the soil
Explanation: Ploughing turns and loosens the soil, which improves its aeration and water retention capabilities. It also helps in bringing nutrient-rich soil to the surface and facilitates the growth of microorganisms and earthworms.
Q9. What is the main advantage of the sprinkler system of irrigation?
a) It is suitable for all types of land.
b) It conserves water by targeting specific areas.
c) It is the most cost-effective method.
d) It increases the soil’s nutrient content.
Answer: b) It conserves water by targeting specific areas.
Explanation: The sprinkler system of irrigation is advantageous because it conserves water by spraying it directly where it is needed, making it particularly useful on uneven land where water availability is limited.
Q10. Which of the following is a Rabi crop?
a) Rice
b) Cotton
c) Wheat
d) Groundnut
Answer: c) Wheat
Explanation: Wheat is a Rabi crop, which is grown in the winter season, typically from October to March, in contrast to Kharif crops that are sown in the rainy season.
Q11. How does manure differ from fertilisers?
a) Manure is a chemical substance, while fertilisers are organic.
b) Manure provides nutrients to plants quickly, while fertilisers act slowly.
c) Manure improves soil texture and fertility, while fertilisers only supply specific nutrients.
d) Fertilisers are prepared in factories, while manure can be made in the fields.
Answer: d) Fertilisers are prepared in factories, while manure can be made in the fields.
Explanation: Fertilisers are chemically synthesized products rich in specific nutrients, produced in factories. Manure is organic matter, derived from decomposed plant or animal waste, and it can be prepared directly in the fields, enhancing soil fertility and texture.
Q12. What is the process of separating grains from chaff called?
a) Weeding
b) Ploughing
c) Threshing
d) Manuring
Answer: c) Threshing
Explanation: Threshing is the process of separating grains from the chaff after harvesting. It can be done manually or with the help of machines called threshers.
Q13. Which agricultural practice involves the use of animal or human labor to lift water for irrigation?
a) Modern irrigation methods
b) Traditional irrigation methods
c) Drip irrigation
d) Sprinkler irrigation
Answer: b) Traditional irrigation methods
Explanation: Traditional irrigation methods often involve the use of animal or human labor to lift water from wells, lakes, and canals to irrigate fields. These methods include the moat (pulley system), chain pump, dhekli, and rahat (lever system).
Q14. Which of the following crops is typically transplanted rather than direct seeded into fields?
a) Wheat
b) Soyabean
c) Paddy (rice)
d) Maize
Answer: c) Paddy (rice)
Explanation: Paddy, or rice, is typically grown first in a nursery and then transplanted to the field when the seedlings are strong enough. This method helps in managing water efficiently, which is crucial for rice cultivation.
Q15. What is the main reason for crop rotation?
a) To prevent soil erosion
b) To control pests and diseases
c) To replenish soil with nutrients
d) To increase water retention in soil
Answer: c) To replenish soil with nutrients
Explanation: Crop rotation is practiced to replenish the soil with nutrients. Different crops are planted in succession to use soil nutrients differently and to add back nutrients, such as nitrogen, when leguminous plants are grown.
Q16. What is the significance of the “Combine” in crop production?
a) It is used for irrigation.
b) It is used for sowing seeds.
c) It combines harvesting and threshing activities.
d) It combines ploughing and levelling of soil.
Answer: c) It combines harvesting and threshing activities.
Explanation: The “Combine” is a machine that combines the activities of harvesting and threshing. It efficiently cuts the crop and separates the grain from the chaff in one go.
Q17. Why is it important to use a seed drill?
a) To ensure seeds are sown at the right depth and distance
b) To increase the speed of irrigation
c) To enhance the process of manuring
d) To improve the efficiency of weeding
Answer: a) To ensure seeds are sown at the right depth and distance
Explanation: Using a seed drill ensures that seeds are sown uniformly at the correct depth and distance apart, which helps in achieving optimal growth and yields by preventing overcrowding and ensuring proper access to sunlight and nutrients.
Q18. What role do earthworms and microbes play in soil health?
a) They damage the crop roots.
b) They compact the soil, making it hard.
c) They help in the aeration and loosening of the soil.
d) They consume the organic matter without returning any nutrients.
Answer: c) They help in the aeration and loosening of the soil.
Explanation: Earthworms and microbes are beneficial for soil health as they help in the aeration and loosening of the soil. Earthworms, in particular, turn the soil and create tunnels, which improves soil structure and nutrient cycling.
Q19. The process of watering crops at different intervals is known as:
a) Weeding
b) Manuring
c) Irrigation
d) Harvesting
Answer: c) Irrigation
Explanation: Irrigation is the process of supplying water to crops at regular intervals, which is essential for the growth and development of plants.
Q20. Which of the following is not a traditional method of irrigation?
a) Sprinkler system
b) Moat (pulley-system)
c) Chain pump
d) Rahat (Lever system)
Answer: a) Sprinkler system
Explanation: The sprinkler system is a modern method of irrigation that efficiently distributes water by spraying it over the crops, similar to rainfall. Traditional methods include moat, chain pump, and rahat.
Q21. What is the main benefit of the crop rotation practice?
a) It increases the dependency on chemical fertilizers.
b) It helps in controlling soil erosion.
c) It prevents the replenishment of soil nutrients.
d) It aids in maintaining soil fertility by alternating the types of crops grown.
Answer: d) It aids in maintaining soil fertility by alternating the types of crops grown.
Explanation: Crop rotation helps maintain soil fertility by alternating crops that have different nutrient requirements or that contribute to the soil’s nutrient balance, such as leguminous crops that fix nitrogen.
Q22. Which of the following crops is grown during the summer at many places in addition to kharif and rabi seasons?
a) Rice and wheat
b) Pulses and vegetables
c) Cotton and sugarcane
d) Maize and soyabean
Answer: b) Pulses and vegetables
Explanation: Besides the main kharif and rabi seasons, pulses and vegetables are grown during the summer at many places, taking advantage of the different climatic conditions throughout the year.
Q23. The removal of weeds from the field is important because weeds:
a) Increase soil fertility
b) Compete with crops for water, nutrients, space, and light
c) Assist in the pollination of crops
d) Protect the soil from erosion
Answer: b) Compete with crops for water, nutrients, space, and light
Explanation: Weeds are undesirable plants that compete with crops for essential resources like water, nutrients, space, and light, thus affecting the growth and yield of the crops.
Q24. After harvesting, the grains must be dried before storage to:
a) Increase their nutritional value
b) Prevent attack by insects and microorganisms
c) Prepare them for immediate consumption
d) Enhance their flavor
Answer: b) Prevent attack by insects and microorganisms
Explanation: Grains must be dried before storage to reduce their moisture content. This prevents the growth and attack of insects and microorganisms, ensuring the grains remain safe and usable for a longer period.
Q25. Which of the following is an example of a bio-fertilizer?
a) Urea
b) Vermicompost
c) Superphosphate
d) Potash
Answer: b) Vermicompost
Explanation: Vermicompost, produced through the decomposition of organic matter by earthworms, is an example of a bio-fertilizer. It enriches the soil with nutrients and enhances soil structure.
Q26. The use of what substance helps in the breaking down of soil crumbs after ploughing?
a) Pesticides
b) Leveller
c) Weedicides
d) Fertilizers
Answer: b) Leveller
Explanation: A leveller is used after ploughing to break down soil crumbs and level the field, preparing it for efficient sowing and irrigation.
Q27. What is the main disadvantage of burning stubble in fields?
a) It increases soil fertility.
b) It promotes the growth of beneficial microorganisms.
c) It causes air pollution and may harm surrounding crops.
d) It enhances moisture retention in the soil.
Answer: c) It causes air pollution and may harm surrounding crops.
Explanation: Burning stubble in fields is discouraged because it causes air pollution, releases harmful gases, and may inadvertently damage surrounding crops and soil health.
Q28. What kind of crops are grown by using the transplantation method?
a) Legumes
b) Cereals like rice (paddy)
c) Oilseeds
d) Fibre crops
Answer: b) Cereals like rice (paddy)
Explanation: Rice (paddy) is often grown by first cultivating the seedlings in a nursery and then transplanting them into the fields. This method is particularly suited for crops that require precise spacing and water management.
Q29. Which method of weed control involves the use of chemicals?
a) Manual weeding
b) Mulching
c) Using weedicides
d) Crop rotation
Answer: c) Using weedicides
Explanation: Weedicides are chemicals specifically designed to kill or inhibit the growth of weeds without harming the crops. They are applied through spraying or other methods directly onto the fields.
Q30. For what purpose is the process of winnowing used in crop production?
a) To irrigate the crops
b) To plough the field
c) To separate the grain from the chaff
d) To sow the seeds
Answer: c) To separate the grain from the chaff
Explanation: Winnowing is a method used after threshing to separate the grain from the chaff (the husks and other impurities), typically by using the wind or a fan to blow away the lighter chaff while the heavier grains fall straight down.
Q31. What is the main reason for levelling the soil after ploughing?
a) To remove weeds from the field
b) To facilitate the sowing of seeds
c) To ensure even distribution of water during irrigation
d) Both b and c are correct
Answer: d) Both b and c are correct
Explanation: Levelling the soil after ploughing is important to facilitate the sowing of seeds and to ensure an even distribution of water during irrigation, promoting uniform growth of the crops.
Q32. Which of the following crops is typically not grown in the Rabi season?
a) Wheat
b) Gram
c) Cotton
d) Mustard
Answer: c) Cotton
Explanation: Cotton is typically grown as a Kharif crop, sown in the rainy season, whereas crops like wheat, gram, and mustard are grown in the Rabi season, during the winter months.
Q33. What is the significance of using a seed drill in modern agriculture?
a) It ensures deep irrigation of crops
b) It prevents pests from attacking young seedlings
c) It allows for precise planting of seeds at the correct depth and spacing
d) It eliminates the need for manure and fertilizers
Answer: c) It allows for precise planting of seeds at the correct depth and spacing
Explanation: The use of a seed drill in modern agriculture allows for precise and uniform sowing of seeds at the correct depth and spacing, leading to better germination rates and crop yields.
Q34. Which method of irrigation is most suitable for uneven land?
a) Drip irrigation
b) Flood irrigation
c) Sprinkler system
d) Canal irrigation
Answer: c) Sprinkler system
Explanation: The sprinkler system is most suitable for uneven land as it can evenly distribute water over the surface, similar to rain, ensuring all parts of the field receive water uniformly.
Q35. What is the purpose of adding manure to the soil?
a) To kill weeds
b) To improve soil structure and fertility
c) To irrigate the soil
d) To protect crops from diseases
Answer: b) To improve soil structure and fertility
Explanation: Adding manure to the soil improves its structure, enhances its fertility and water-holding capacity, and adds essential nutrients, supporting healthy crop growth.
Q36. Which of the following practices is not a basic practice of crop production?
a) Adding manure and fertilizers
b) Using pesticides regularly
c) Irrigation
d) Harvesting
Answer: b) Using pesticides regularly
Explanation: While adding manure and fertilizers, irrigation, and harvesting are basic practices of crop production, using pesticides regularly is not considered a basic practice but rather a specific intervention for pest control.
Q37. What term describes plants of the same kind grown and cultivated at a large scale?
a) Farm
b) Garden
c) Crop
d) Orchard
Answer: c) Crop
Explanation: A crop refers to plants of the same kind grown and cultivated at a large scale in a designated area, primarily for harvesting food, fiber, fuel, or raw materials.
Q38. Which of the following is a benefit of the drip irrigation system?
a) Increases soil erosion
b) Requires large quantities of water
c) Minimizes water wastage
d) Suitable for large trees only
Answer: c) Minimizes water wastage
Explanation: The drip irrigation system minimizes water wastage by delivering water directly to the base of the plant, drop by drop, ensuring that each plant receives exactly the amount of water it needs.
Q39. How do earthworms benefit the agricultural soil?
a) By decreasing the soil’s water-holding capacity
b) By eating crop roots
c) By aerating the soil and improving its fertility
d) By compacting the soil
Answer: c) By aerating the soil and improving its fertility
Explanation: Earthworms benefit the agricultural soil by aerating it as they move through the soil, creating tunnels that help to improve soil structure and fertility.
Q40. The removal of the mature crop from the field is known as:
a) Weeding
b) Ploughing
c) Irrigation
d) Harvesting
Answer: d) Harvesting
Explanation: Harvesting refers to the process of removing the mature crop from the field for the purpose of gathering the edible parts or the seed.
Q41. What is the primary function of a plough?
a) To irrigate crops
b) To harvest crops
c) To till the soil and prepare it for planting
d) To apply pesticides
Answer: c) To till the soil and prepare it for planting
Explanation: A plough is used to till the soil, turning it over and loosening it to prepare for the planting of seeds. This process helps to bury crop residues and weeds, and improve the soil structure.
Q42. What does the term “green manure” refer to?
a) Chemical fertilizers that are environmentally friendly
b) Plants that are grown and then plowed into the soil to enrich it
c) Manure that is not fully decomposed
d) Fertilizers made from composted vegetable matter
Answer: b) Plants that are grown and then plowed into the soil to enrich it
Explanation: Green manure refers to plants that are specifically grown to be plowed back into the soil to improve its organic matter content and fertility. These plants typically fix nitrogen in the soil, making it available for future crops.