1. What is the main function of flowers in plants?
a) To provide support
b) To perform photosynthesis
c) To reproduce
d) To store food
Answer: c) To reproduce
Explanation: Flowers are the reproductive parts of plants and are responsible for reproduction.
2. Which of the following is an example of asexual reproduction in plants?
a) Seed formation
b) Pollination
c) Vegetative propagation
d) Fertilization
Answer: c) Vegetative propagation
Explanation: Vegetative propagation is a type of asexual reproduction where new plants are produced from roots, stems, leaves, or buds.
3. What is the process called when a yeast cell forms a bud?
a) Fragmentation
b) Fertilization
c) Budding
d) Spore formation
Answer: c) Budding
Explanation: In yeast, a single-celled organism, reproduction occurs through a process called budding, where a new cell grows out of the body of a parent.
4. How do algae typically reproduce asexually?
a) By seeds
b) Through pollination
c) By fragmentation
d) By budding
Answer: c) By fragmentation
Explanation: Algae often reproduce asexually by fragmentation, where a part of the algae breaks off and forms a new individual.
5. In sexual reproduction in plants, where are the male gametes found?
a) In the ovule
b) In the pollen grains
c) In the stigma
d) In the roots
Answer: b) In the pollen grains
Explanation: Male gametes in plants are found in the pollen grains.
6. What is pollination?
a) The growth of a pollen tube towards the ovule
b) The transfer of pollen grains from an anther to a stigma
c) The process of seed dispersal
d) The fertilization of the ovule
Answer: b) The transfer of pollen grains from an anther to a stigma
Explanation: Pollination is the process where pollen grains are transferred from the male part (anther) to the female part (stigma) of a flower.
7. What is the term used to describe the structure that develops from a plant’s mature ovary?
a) A seed
b) A spore
c) A flower
d) A fruit
Answer: d) A fruit
Explanation: After fertilization, the ovary of the plant grows into a fruit.
8. Which of the following methods is NOT a way seeds are dispersed?
a) Wind
b) Water
c) Insects
d) Animals
Answer: c) Insects
Explanation: Seeds are commonly dispersed by wind, water, and animals, but not typically by insects.
9. What advantage does vegetative propagation offer to plants?
a) Plants take longer to grow and mature.
b) The new plants are genetically different from the parent plant.
c) Plants produced are exact copies of the parent and mature quickly.
d) It increases genetic diversity in plants.
Answer: c) Plants produced are exact copies of the parent and mature quickly.
Explanation: Vegetative propagation results in plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant and often grow and mature faster than those grown from seeds.
10. In the context of plant reproduction, what are ‘eyes’ in a potato?
a) Flowers
b) Roots
c) Buds
d) Stems
Answer: c) Buds
Explanation: ‘Eyes’ in a potato are actually buds that can sprout into new plants.
11. How do bryophyllum plants reproduce asexually?
a) By producing seeds
b) Through spore formation
c) From buds in the margins of leaves
d) By fragmenting their stems
Answer: c) From buds in the margins of leaves
Explanation: Bryophyllum plants can reproduce asexually through buds present in the margins of their leaves.
12. What is the main method of reproduction in yeast?
a) Spore formation
b) Fragmentation
c) Budding
d) Vegetative propagation
Answer: c) Budding
Explanation: Yeast primarily reproduces asexually through budding, where a new cell grows out of the body of a parent.
13. In plants, what is the result of the fusion of male and female gametes?
a) A seed
b) A fruit
c) A zygote
d) A spore
Answer: c) A zygote
Explanation: The fusion of male and female gametes during sexual reproduction results in the formation of a zygote.
14. What is the primary role of the stamen in a flower?
a) It produces the female gametes.
b) It supports the flower.
c) It produces the male gametes.
d) It absorbs sunlight.
Answer: c) It produces the male gametes.
Explanation: The stamen is the male reproductive part of a flower and is responsible for producing male gametes (pollen grains).
15. How are seeds dispersed by water adapted to their mode of dispersal?
a) They have wings for flying.
b) They develop a spongy or fibrous outer coat.
c) They have hooks to cling onto animals.
d) They are very small and light.
Answer: b) They develop a spongy or fibrous outer coat.
Explanation: Seeds dispersed by water often have a spongy or fibrous outer coat that helps them float and be carried away by water.
16. What is the function of the ovary in a flower?
a) It produces pollen grains.
b) It supports the flower.
c) It contains ovules, which develop into seeds after fertilization.
d) It attracts pollinators.
Answer: c) It contains ovules, which develop into seeds after fertilization.
Explanation: The ovary of a flower contains ovules. After fertilization, these ovules develop into seeds.
17. What is the main difference between asexual and sexual reproduction in plants?
a) Asexual reproduction involves only one parent, while sexual reproduction requires two parents.
b) Asexual reproduction produces flowers, while sexual reproduction does not.
c) Asexual reproduction occurs only in the water, while sexual reproduction occurs on land.
d) Asexual reproduction produces seeds, while sexual reproduction does not.
Answer: a) Asexual reproduction involves only one parent, while sexual reproduction requires two parents.
Explanation: Asexual reproduction involves a single parent and results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent, while sexual reproduction requires two parents and leads to genetic variation in the offspring.
18. Which part of the plant takes part in sexual reproduction?
a) Leaf
b) Stem
c) Root
d) Flower
Answer: d) Flower
Explanation: The flower is the reproductive part of a plant, involved in sexual reproduction.
19. In plants, what is the result of pollination?
a) Formation of seeds
b) Growth of the plant
c) Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
d) Absorption of nutrients
Answer: c) Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
Explanation: Pollination is the process of transferring pollen grains from the male part of the flower (anther) to the female part (stigma).
20. Which type of pollination involves the transfer of pollen to a flower on a different plant?
a) Self-pollination
b) Cross-pollination
c) Direct pollination
d) Indirect pollination
Answer: b) Cross-pollination
Explanation: Cross-pollination occurs when pollen from the flower of one plant is transferred to the flower of another plant of the same species.
21. Why are flowers often colorful and fragrant?
a) To absorb more sunlight for photosynthesis
b) To attract insects for pollination
c) To protect the plant from predators
d) To provide nutrition to the plant
Answer: b) To attract insects for pollination
Explanation: Many flowers are colorful and fragrant to attract insects, which help in the transfer of pollen during pollination.
22. What happens after the fertilization of an ovule in a flower?
a) It develops into a flower.
b) It develops into a fruit.
c) It develops into a leaf.
d) It falls off the plant.
Answer: b) It develops into a fruit.
Explanation: After fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed, and the ovary of the flower grows into a fruit.
23. What role do fruits play in seed dispersal?
a) They produce more seeds.
b) They provide nutrients to the seed.
c) They aid in the dispersal of seeds.
d) They protect the seeds from predators.
Answer: c) They aid in the dispersal of seeds.
Explanation: Fruits often aid in the dispersal of seeds by various means such as being eaten by animals, floating on water, or being carried by the wind.
24. Which method of seed dispersal involves seeds that are light and may have wings or hairs?
a) Water dispersal
b) Animal dispersal
c) Wind dispersal
d) Bursting mechanism
Answer: c) Wind dispersal
Explanation: Seeds that are light and may have wings or hairs are adapted to be dispersed by the wind.
25. Which of the following is not a method of asexual reproduction?
a) Budding
b) Spore formation
c) Vegetative propagation
d) Fertilization
Answer: d) Fertilization
Explanation: Fertilization is a process of sexual reproduction, where male and female gametes fuse, and is not a method of asexual reproduction.
26. What is the role of the stigma in a flower?
a) It produces pollen grains.
b) It captures and holds pollen.
c) It supports the flower petals.
d) It provides nutrients to the developing seeds.
Answer: b) It captures and holds pollen.
Explanation: The stigma is the part of the pistil where pollen lands and sticks during pollination.
27. How does fragmentation in algae lead to reproduction?
a) By producing spores
b) Through formation of flowers
c) By breaking into pieces, each of which forms a new alga
d) Through the fusion of male and female gametes
Answer: c) By breaking into pieces, each of which forms a new alga
Explanation: In fragmentation, an alga breaks into two or more fragments, and each fragment grows into a new individual.
28. What is the purpose of bright colors and sweet fragrances in flowers?
a) To absorb more sunlight
b) To attract pollinators
c) To protect the plant from herbivores
d) To compete with other plants
Answer: b) To attract pollinators
Explanation: Bright colors and sweet fragrances in flowers attract pollinators like bees, butterflies, and birds, which aid in pollination.
29. Which process in plants involves the fusion of male and female gametes?
a) Pollination
b) Fertilization
c) Germination
d) Seed dispersal
Answer: b) Fertilization
Explanation: Fertilization is the process where male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote.
30. What happens to a flower after fertilization?
a) It grows into a new plant.
b) Its ovary develops into a fruit.
c) It undergoes pollination again.
d) It disperses its seeds immediately.
Answer: b) Its ovary develops into a fruit.
Explanation: After fertilization, the ovary of the flower typically grows into a fruit, which encloses the developing seeds.
31. Which of these is a method of seed dispersal?
a) Budding
b) Bursting mechanism
c) Vegetative propagation
d) Fertilization
Answer: b) Bursting mechanism
Explanation: Some plants disperse their seeds through a bursting mechanism, where the fruit bursts open, scattering the seeds away from the parent plant.
32. What is the primary advantage of seed dispersal for plants?
a) It helps in producing more flowers.
b) It aids in avoiding competition among seedlings.
c) It ensures faster growth of the parent plant.
d) It increases the water absorption of the seed.
Answer: b) It aids in avoiding competition among seedlings.
Explanation: Seed dispersal helps in spreading out the offspring, reducing competition for resources like light, water, and nutrients among seedlings.